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1 20 50 100 1 20 50 100 200 \data\china\bigchina
Character: 園
Modern (Beijing) reading: yuán
Preclassic Old Chinese: whan
Classic Old Chinese: whan
Western Han Chinese: whan
Eastern Han Chinese: whan
Early Postclassic Chinese: whan
Middle Postclassic Chinese: whǝn
Late Postclassic Chinese: whǝn
Middle Chinese: wǝn
English meaning : garden, park
Russian meaning[s]: 1) сад; парк; огород; 2) кабаре; эстрадный театр; 3) императорская могила
Comments: Standard Sino-Viet. is viên. For *wh- cf. Xiamen hŋ2 , Fuzhou huoŋ2 , Chaozhou hŋ2 , Jianou xüiŋ2 . Some old loanwords from Chinese, as well as Bai forms, point to the existence of an archaic variant *s-whan.
Radical: 31
Four-angle index: 1883
Karlgren code: 0256 b
Vietnamese reading: vu'ò'n
Jianchuan Bai: -suã4
Dali Bai: -sua5
Bijiang Bai: -suã4
Character: 圓
Modern (Beijing) reading: yuán
Preclassic Old Chinese: wran
Classic Old Chinese: wran
Western Han Chinese: wran
Eastern Han Chinese: wran
Early Postclassic Chinese: wen
Middle Postclassic Chinese: wen
Late Postclassic Chinese: wen
Middle Chinese: wen
Russian meaning[s]: 1) круг; круглый; окружность; 2) удовлетворительный, полный; 3) сгладить, закруглить; 4) монета, денежная единица; иена; доллар; юань, вм. 元
Comments: See 員.
Radical: 31
Four-angle index: 1896
Karlgren code: 0227 c
Character: 塞
Modern (Beijing) reading: sài
Preclassic Old Chinese: sǝ̄k
Classic Old Chinese: sǝ̄k
Western Han Chinese: sǝ̄k
Eastern Han Chinese: sǝ̄k
Early Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄k
Middle Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄k
Late Postclassic Chinese: sǝ̄k
Middle Chinese: sʌk
English meaning : to block
Russian meaning[s]: завалить; заградить; [sāi] закупорить; пробка; [sài] крепость; застава; граница
Comments: Also read *sǝ̄k-s, MC sл̀j (FQ 先代), Mand. sài, Viet. tái id. Used also for a homonymous word *sǝ̄k 'be sincere, just, true' (written in Shujing with the 61t radical 心 instead of 土). Cf. PAN *-sek 'cram, crowd' (Sag. 46).
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 210
Karlgren code: 0908 a
Vietnamese reading: tắc
Shijing occurrences: 28.4, 50.3
Character: 塑
Modern (Beijing) reading: sù
Russian meaning[s]: лепить из глины; глиняная статуэтка (фигура)
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 204
Character: 塘
Modern (Beijing) reading: táng
Preclassic Old Chinese: lhāŋ
Classic Old Chinese: lhāŋ
Western Han Chinese: lhāŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: lhāŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: dhāŋ
Middle Chinese: dâŋ
English meaning : dam, dyke [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) плотина, насыпь; 2) квадратный пруд, водоем
Comments: For *dh cf. Chaozhou thaŋ2 .
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 1330
Karlgren code: 0700 c
Character: 塗
Modern (Beijing) reading: tú
Preclassic Old Chinese: Łhā
Classic Old Chinese: Łhā
Western Han Chinese: Łhā
Eastern Han Chinese: lhā
Early Postclassic Chinese: dhō
Middle Postclassic Chinese: dhō
Late Postclassic Chinese: dhō
Middle Chinese: do
English meaning : to plaster; mud, plaster
Russian meaning[s]: 1) грязь; грязный; 2) замазать, вымарать; закрасить; 3) затереть, зашпаклевать; 4) дорога; в дороге; дорожный; 5) Ту (фамилия ); [chá] мазать, натирать; оттирать
Comments: For *Łh- cf. Xiamen thɔ2 , Chaozhou thou2 , thu2 , Fuzhou thu2 , Jianou thu2 'earth'.
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 247
Karlgren code: 0082 |d ́
Character: 塚
Modern (Beijing) reading: zhong
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Character: 塔
Modern (Beijing) reading: tǎ
Middle Chinese: thâp
English meaning : tower, Buddhist tower [Jin]
Russian meaning[s]: пагода; башня
Comments: A loan from Sanskr. stūpa.
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 1184
Karlgren code: 0676 c
Vietnamese reading: tháp
Character: 填
Modern (Beijing) reading: tián
Preclassic Old Chinese: d(h)īnʔ
Classic Old Chinese: d(h)ī́n
Western Han Chinese: d(h)jǝ̄́n
Eastern Han Chinese: d(h)iǝ̄́n
Early Postclassic Chinese: d(h)iḗn
Middle Postclassic Chinese: d(h)iḗn
Late Postclassic Chinese: d(h)iḗn
Middle Chinese: díen
English meaning : exhausted
Russian meaning[s]: 1) набить, наполнить; засыпать; подложить; дополнить; 2) вписать, заполнить (бланк, анкету ); 3) грохот, гул
Comments: In Early Zhou also used for chén, MC ḍin, OC *dhrin 'be long-lasting' (the latter is also sometimes written as 陳 *dhrǝn - but only in Shi, where the -ǝn and -in finals merged after dental initials). Later the graph was more frequently used for tián, MC dien, OC *dhǝ̄n (for *dh- cf. Xiamen thian2 , Chaozhou thieŋ2 ), Viet. d_iền 'to fill up' - a word not attested in Early Zhou.
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 7901
Karlgren code: 0375 u-v
Vietnamese reading: d_iễn
Character: 塌
Modern (Beijing) reading: tā
Russian meaning[s]: 1) обвалиться; рухнуть; осесть; свесить; поникнуть; 2) под землей; подземный
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 3332
Character: 塊
Modern (Beijing) reading: kuài
Preclassic Old Chinese: khūjs (~ -ts)
Classic Old Chinese: khwǝ̄jh
Western Han Chinese: khwǝ̄jh
Eastern Han Chinese: khwǝ̄ś
Early Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄ś
Middle Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄̀j
Late Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̄̀j
Middle Chinese: khòj
English meaning : lump of earth, piece, block [L.Zhou]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) кусок; глыба; обломок; 2) участок (земли ); 3) юань; рубль; доллар; 4) счетный суффикс участков земли, посуды, штучных предметов, кусков
Comments: Tsiyün also gives a MC reading khwạ̈̀j (whence Mand. kuài),OC *khrūjs (~-ts) id.
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 7462
Karlgren code: 0569 g
Vietnamese reading: khối
Character: 塢
Modern (Beijing) reading: wu
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Character: 塒
Modern (Beijing) reading: shí
English meaning : wall-holes (for fowl)
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 0961 |j ́
Character: 塋
Modern (Beijing) reading: yīng
English meaning : a kind of precious stone
Russian meaning[s]: могила; семейное кладбище
Radical: 32
Four-angle index: 198
Karlgren code: 0843 c
Character: 奧
Modern (Beijing) reading: ào
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʔuk
Classic Old Chinese: ʔuk
Western Han Chinese: ʔǝuk
Eastern Han Chinese: ʔǝuk
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʔɨuk
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʔuk
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʔuk
Middle Chinese: ʔük
English meaning : bay, cove (in bank of stream)
Russian meaning[s]: 1) глубокий; потайной; таинственный; 2) важный, основной; 3) юго-западный угол дома; внутренние покои; 4) свиной загон (хлев); 5) сокр. Австрия; [yù] закругление (берега )
Comments: Also read *ʔūk-s, MC ʔầw (FQ 烏到), Mand. ào 'bay; inside area'. Since Late Zhou the word started to obtain a more general meaning 'inside, interior', while the original meaning 'bay, cove' was more usually rendered with the character 澳. The latter is now also used as a shortened name for Australia.
Radical: 37
Four-angle index: 4905
Karlgren code: 1045 a
Vietnamese reading: úc
Shijing occurrences: 55.1, 55.2, 55.3
Character: 嫁
Modern (Beijing) reading: jià
Preclassic Old Chinese: krās
Classic Old Chinese: krāh
Western Han Chinese: krāh
Eastern Han Chinese: krǟh
Early Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄̀
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄̀
Late Postclassic Chinese: kạ̄̀
Middle Chinese: kạ̀
English meaning : to marry
Russian meaning[s]: 1) выйти замуж; выдать замуж (дочь ); замужняя; приданое; 2) перен. переложить на (кого-л. ); взвалить; отнести на чужой счет
Comments: A derivate from 家 *krā q.v. Regular Sino-Viet. is giá.
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 5597
Karlgren code: 0032 e
Vietnamese reading: ga`
Character: 嫉
Modern (Beijing) reading: jí
Russian meaning[s]: 1) завидовать; ревновать; 2) ненавидеть
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 5036
Karlgren code: 0494 e
Character: 嫌
Modern (Beijing) reading: xián
Preclassic Old Chinese: g(h)ēm
Classic Old Chinese: g(h)ēm
Western Han Chinese: gjam (~ ɣ-)
Eastern Han Chinese: gjam (~ ɣ-)
Early Postclassic Chinese: gjam (~ ɣ-)
Middle Postclassic Chinese: gjam (~ ɣ-)
Late Postclassic Chinese: gjam (~ ɣ-)
Middle Chinese: ɣiem
English meaning : to suspect, doubt; to dislike, hate [L.Zhou]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) подозревать; подозрение; усомниться; внушать подозрение, быть на подозрении; казаться; 2) быть недовольным; испытывать отвращение; ненавидеть; 3) обижаться; обида; 4) близкий
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 5445
Karlgren code: 0627 j
Vietnamese reading: hiềm
Character: 媾
Modern (Beijing) reading: gòu
Preclassic Old Chinese: kōs
Classic Old Chinese: kōh
Western Han Chinese: kwāh
Eastern Han Chinese: kwāh
Early Postclassic Chinese: kṑw
Middle Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w
Late Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w
Middle Chinese: kʌ̀w
English meaning : favor; second marriage
Russian meaning[s]: 1) вступить во второй брак; 2) дружить; заключить (мир )
Comments: Probably the original meaning is 'crossing; encounter' and the word is identical etymologically to 遘 and 覯 q.v.
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 4029
Karlgren code: 0109 e
Go-on: ku
Kan-on: kou
Japanese reading: ku;kō;au;yoshimi
Character: 媽
Modern (Beijing) reading: mā
Preclassic Old Chinese: mhāʔ
Classic Old Chinese: mhā́
Western Han Chinese: mhā́
Eastern Han Chinese: mhā́
Early Postclassic Chinese: mhṓ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: mhṓ
Late Postclassic Chinese: mhṓ
Middle Chinese: mó
English meaning : mother, mama [Tang]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) мать; 2) няня, мамка; служанка
Comments: A children's word with irregularities (the regular Mand. reading is mǔ); rather universal, thus Viet. má may be indigenous (although it is usually written by the Chinese graph 媽). In Viet. cf. also mọ' 'aunt' (also written with the same graph). Initial *mh- is supported by Xiamen, Chaozhou, Fuzhou, Meixian, Guangzhou ma1 .
Radical: 38
Four-angle index: 4594
Vietnamese reading: má
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-jianchuan,bigchina-dali,bigchina-bijiang,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-reading,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-shijing,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-viet,
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